The Black-headed Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) is a small gull that breeds in much of Europe and Asia, and also in coastal eastern Canada.
As a rule, adult gulls attain their adult plumage and reach sexual maturity in two to five years, depending on the species.
Juvenile gulls do not look like their parents, but instead have a distinctive streaked brown plumage.
Over the years their plumage changes from brown to, usually, white or white-blue.
In general, males average larger than females and have slightly to distinctly bigger bills and larger heads.

The Black-headed Gull takes two years to reach maturity.
In summer plumage, adults have a dark brown partial hood, white eye arcs, red legs and a red bill.
in winter, the hood in absent and is replaced by a dark spot behind the eye.
First-year birds have a black tail band, more dark areas in the wings, and, in summer, a less fully developed dark hood.
Usually, birds in their second calendar year have orange legs.
However, some Black-headed Gulls retain orange or orange-red legs (and bills) into adulthood.
Birds with adult plumage and orange legs are mostly second-years, but some may be in their third or subsequent years.

1st & 2nd photo: Mainau Island, Baden-Württemberg, Bodensee, Germany, 9 July 2013
3rd photo: Jade-Weser-Port, Wilhelmshaven area, Lower Saxony, Germany, 15 August 2023
4th photo: Lindau, Bavaria, Bodensee, Germany, 3 August 2020
5th photo: 1st-year winter bird. Rhine Boulevard, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, 15 January 2022